What does ceftazidime do?
Ceftazidime is a widely used clinical antibiotic and belongs to the third generation cephalosporins. In recent years, as the problem of antibiotic resistance has intensified, the role and rational use of ceftazidime has become a hot topic. This article will introduce in detail the mechanism of action, indications, adverse reactions and precautions for use of ceftazidime.
1. The mechanism of action of ceftazidime
Ceftazidime causes bacterial lysis and death by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It has significant antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria and some Gram-positive bacteria.
| Bacteria type | Sensitive strains |
|---|---|
| Gram-negative bacteria | Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. |
| Gram-positive bacteria | Staphylococcus aureus (some strains), Streptococcus, etc. |
2. Indications of ceftazidime
Ceftazidime is mainly used to treat the following infectious diseases:
| Indications | specific disease |
|---|---|
| respiratory tract infection | Pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. |
| urinary tract infection | Pyelonephritis, cystitis, etc. |
| Skin and soft tissue infections | Cellulitis, abscess, etc. |
| abdominal infection | Peritonitis, biliary tract infection, etc. |
| sepsis | sepsis caused by susceptible bacteria |
3. Adverse reactions of ceftazidime
Although ceftazidime is a relatively safe antibiotic, it may still cause some adverse reactions:
| Type of adverse reaction | Specific performance |
|---|---|
| allergic reaction | Rash, itching, anaphylactic shock, etc. |
| gastrointestinal reactions | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. |
| abnormal liver function | Elevated transaminases, jaundice, etc. |
| Abnormal kidney function | Elevated blood urea nitrogen, elevated creatinine, etc. |
| Blood system abnormalities | Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, etc. |
4. Precautions for the use of ceftazidime
In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of ceftazidime, the following matters need to be paid attention to when using it:
1.Allergy history: Disabled for those allergic to cephalosporins or penicillins.
2.Kidney function adjustment: Patients with renal insufficiency need to adjust the dose to avoid drug accumulation.
3.Combination medication: Avoid combined use with nephrotoxic drugs (such as aminoglycosides) to avoid increasing the risk of nephrotoxicity.
4.Drug resistance surveillance: Long-term use may lead to bacterial resistance, and bacterial sensitivity needs to be monitored regularly.
5.Pregnant and lactating women: Need to be used with caution under the guidance of a doctor.
5. Rational use of ceftazidime
In recent years, the problem of antibiotic abuse has become increasingly serious, and the rational use of ceftazidime is particularly important. The following are suggestions for fair use:
1.Strictly follow the indications: Use only when bacterial infection is confirmed and avoid viral infection.
2.personalized medicine: Adjust the dose according to the patient’s age, weight, renal function, etc.
3.Treatment course control: Avoid too long or too short treatment course, usually 7-14 days.
4.Resistance management: Regularly conduct bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests to guide clinical medication.
6. Market status of ceftazidime
According to recent market data, ceftazidime remains an important antibiotic globally, particularly in developing countries. The following is some market data:
| area | market share | Main purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Asia | 35% | Respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections |
| Europe | 25% | hospital acquired infection |
| North America | 20% | severe infection |
| Other areas | 20% | community acquired infection |
Conclusion
Ceftazidime, as an important antibiotic, plays an important role in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections. However, as the problem of drug resistance intensifies, the rational use of ceftazidime has become a topic of common concern to clinicians and patients. By strictly following the indications, individualized medication and drug resistance management, its efficacy can be maximized and the occurrence of adverse reactions and drug resistance can be reduced.
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